许怡真
By Xu Yizhen
6月30日，加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省“下库特内班德”原住民部落发表声明宣布，在一所前原住民儿童寄宿学校旧址附近发现182处无标记坟墓。这已是近一个多月来，第3次在原住民儿童寄宿学校旧址附近发现大量无标记坟墓。
The Lower Kootenay Band announced on June 30 the discovery of the remains of 182 people in unmarked graves around a former indigenous residential school near Cranbrook in British Columbia province of Canada. This is the third time in more than a month that a large number of unmarked graves have been found near the site of a former indigenous residential school.
加拿大在历史上掠夺原住民土地、杀害原住民、消除原住民文化，通过建立原住民儿童寄宿学校制度，试图强制“同化”原住民。在原住民寄宿学校内，任何原住民文化活动都被禁止，不允许原住民儿童讲母语。
In history, Canada had killed indigenous people, looted their land, eliminated their culture, and tried to forcibly "assimilate" them by establishing a residential school system for indigenous children. In residential schools, any indigenous cultural activities were prohibited, and the children were not allowed to speak their mother tongue.
在许多学校，学生被以数字编号方式称呼，他们不仅丧失了文化归属，就连基本生存权利也被完全无视。这些学校名义上是教育机构，其真实目的是通过同化教育进行文化灭绝，使原住民不能再作为特有的法律、社会、文化、宗教和种族实体而存在。
In many schools, students were referred to only by numbers. They lost their cultural affiliation and their basic right to life was completely ignored. These schools are educational institutions in name, with the real purpose to carry out cultural extermination through assimilation education so that the indigenous people can no longer exist as unique legal, social, cultural, religious and ethnic entities.
加拿大真相与和解委员会2015年公布的一份报告显示，自19世纪40年代到20世纪90年代，至少有15万名原住民儿童被强制送入寄宿学校，许多人遭到残酷虐待，至少有3200人被虐致死。有专家表示，这一死亡人数被严重低估。
A report published by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada (TRC) in 2015 showed that from the 1840s to the 1990s, at least 150,000 indigenous children were forced to enter residential schools, and many were brutally abused. And at least 3,200 people were abused to death. But some experts said that the death toll is seriously underestimated.
今年5月，在不列颠哥伦比亚省发现215名原住民儿童遗骸。6月24日，萨斯喀彻温省原住民组织宣布，仅在该省一所原住民学校旧址附近就发现751座无标记坟墓。不少原住民领袖认为，这仅仅是“冰山一角”。
The remains of 215 indigenous children were found in British Columbia in May. On June 24, a Saskatchewan indigenous community announced that 751 unmarked graves had been found near the site of a residential school in the province alone. Many indigenous leaders believe that this is just the "tip of the iceberg."
1948年12月联合国大会通过《防止及惩治灭绝种族罪公约》，把文化灭绝列为种族灭绝的罪行之一。当前，加拿大原住民要求对无名坟墓进行调查的呼声越来越高。
The United Nations General Assembly passed the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (CPPCG) in December 1948, which listed cultural genocide as one of the crimes of genocide. At present, the indigenous people of Canada are increasingly calling for investigations of unknown graves.
除原住民寄宿学校问题外，加拿大针对其他少数族裔的系统性种族歧视也广泛存在。尤其在新冠疫情影响下，少数族裔生活愈发艰难。不列颠哥伦比亚省人权办公室去年9月的报告显示，疫情发生以来，56%的黑人被裁员或被迫减少工作时间，这一比例远高于白人。加拿大总理特鲁多等政要多次公开承认，加拿大存在系统性种族主义。不过，加拿大政府似乎并不急于改变现状，基本上都是“说多做少”，缺乏保障少数族裔合法权益的实质性举措。
In addition to the problem of residential schools, systemic racial discrimination against other minorities in Canada is also widespread. The lives of ethnic minorities have become increasingly difficult under the COVID-19 pandemic. A report by the Office of the Human Rights Commissioner of British Columbia published in September last year showed that 56 percent of black people have been laid off or forced to reduce working hours since the outbreak. The rate is much higher than that of white people. Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and other dignitaries have publicly acknowledged on many occasions that there is systemic racism in Canada. However, the Canadian government does not seem to be eager to change the status quo. Basically, it is "saying more and doing less" and it lacks substantive measures to protect the legitimate rights and interests of minorities.
长期以来，加拿大等一小撮西方国家出于政治动机、基于虚假信息，以人权为借口肆意编造炒作涉华谣言，打着人权的旗号干涉中国内政，目的是打压遏制中国，阻碍中国发展进程。极为讽刺的是，热衷于把人权挂在嘴边，动辄对别国人权状况说三道四的“人权模范生”，事实上却是劣迹斑斑的“人权失范生”，对自身存在的严重侵犯人权行为视而不见、避重就轻。
For a long time, some Western countries such as Canada, out of political motives, arbitrarily fabricated rumors about China on the pretext of human rights based on false information. They interfere in China's internal affairs under the banner of human rights and their purpose is to suppress and contain China and hinder China's development process. Ironically, the "model human rights student" who are keen to talk about human rights and make irresponsible remarks about the human rights situation of other countries is in fact the complete opposite. Canada turns a blind eye and avoids the serious issues of its own serious violations of human rights.
如果加拿大真的重视人权，就应该将精力放在对本国所有原住民、特别是儿童被残害案件进行全面、公正调查上，确保所有责任人被绳之以法，而不是不怀好意地对其他国家指手画脚，妄图将莫须有的罪名安在他国头上。
If Canada really values human rights, it should focus on conducting comprehensive and impartial investigations of all the indigenous peoples, especially child abuse cases in the country, and ensuring that all responsible persons are brought to justice, rather than point fingers at other countries and put false charges on them.
否则，就真如几名加拿大议员近日离任前所痛斥的，加拿大其实是“歧视者、伪君子、失败者”。
Otherwise, Canada would be the discriminator, hypocrite, and loser as its several parliamentarians reprimanded before leaving office recently.
