Rushed and reckless US withdrawal from Afghanistan terribly irresponsible

仓皇“逃离”阿富汗,美军太不负责

Source
China Military Online
Editor
Li Wei
Time
2021-06-22 17:48:28

周戎

By Zhou Rong

近来,随着拜登政府加紧执行撤军计划,阿富汗局势日渐严峻。美国总统拜登将在本周五会见到访的阿富汗总统加尼,讨论美军撤离之际,阿富汗军队和塔利班在阿全境战斗激增的问题。然而,塔利班方面称,这次访问“毫无用处”。

Biden administration's rushed withdrawal of troops has left Afghanistan in an increasingly severe situation. US President Biden will meet with visiting Afghani President Ghani this Friday and discuss the surging conflicts between Afghani troops and the Taliban across the country as the US troops are pulling out. The Taliban, however, has predicted that the visit will be useless.

美国撤军的整个进程有点像1973年从越南仓皇撤离的情景。美军原定的撤军时间是9月11日,而目前的撤军计划将在7月中完成,甚至传出7月初就会撤离全部美军和北约国际安全援助部队。美军实际的撤军计划已经完成过半。

The withdrawal of US troops now somewhat reminds people of its hurried exit from Vietnam in 1973. It originally planned to pull out from Afghanistan on September 11, but now the plan is put forward to mid-July, and there is even news that all American troops and NATO’s International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) will be withdrawn by early July. Actually, the plan is already half completed.

为了加速撤军,美国动用第五舰队和中央司令部的航母战斗群、雷达系统,作战部队、强大空军力量全力支持,确保美军在整个撤退进程中的零伤亡和不出任何意外。

To accelerate the process, the US has mobilized the Fifth Fleet and the Central Command’s aircraft carrier battle group and radar system, with all-out support from combat troops and the Air Force, so as to ensure zero casualties and accidents during the withdrawing process.

首先,受美国加快撤军的鼓舞,阿富汗塔利班士气空前高涨,普通塔利班官兵以美国即将被塔利班赶出去的心态看待美军撤离,持续不断地在全国范围内发动对政府军的进攻,甚至还到了美国从哪个地区撤离,塔利班就进占哪个地区的地步。

First, the Taliban’s morale is significantly heightened by America’s faster withdrawal. The Taliban soldiers view the withdrawal as a sign that American troops are soon to be kicked out of Afghanistan by them. Therefore, they continuously launch attacks against government forces across the country, to the extent that wherever American troops are pulled out, the Taliban will take their place in the wake.

其次,可以从美国撤军加速来看它是如何抛弃自己朋友的。阿富汗现政府是美国占领阿富汗后建立的。理论上讲,阿富汗伊斯兰共和国还是美国的盟国,然而美国在阿富汗政府军和塔利班之间的战斗中“保持中立”,不再打击昔日的敌人,也不再援助昔日的盟友。

Second, the accelerated withdrawal reveals how ready the US is to leave its friend high and dry. The current Afghani regime was established after the US occupied the country, so it’s theoretically an American ally, yet Washington has acted “neutral” in the struggles between Afghani government forces and the Taliban, neither attacking the old enemy nor helping the ally.

拜登一直声称要继续援助阿富汗政府军,但口惠而实不至,白宫不仅没有继续援助阿富汗政府的详细计划,而且看起来已经放弃为阿富汗政府军提供后勤支持了。阿富汗政府虽然有35万的安全力量,而且还有1.8万的特种部队,也有一定战斗力,但其空军的所有战机都是由美国承包商帮助维修和保养的。没有美国承包商的支持,阿富汗安全部队无法有效保持战斗机、武装直升机和无人机的战斗状态。

Biden has been vowing to keep assisting Afghani government forces, but that’s all his words. The White House doesn’t even have a detailed plan for the continued assistance; what’s more, it seems it has stopped providing any logistics support for the government forces. The Afghani government has combat forces given its 350,000 security troops and 18,000 special forces, yet all its warplanes are repaired and maintained by American contractors, without whose support, its security troops are unable to keep the fighter jets, armored helicopters, and UAVs in shape for combat.

与此同时,自从加速撤军命令下达后,在阿富汗的1.8万名美国承包商也不知该何去何从。是继续留下来援助阿富汗政府军,还是随美军一同撤出阿富汗,没有人给予明确说明。这些承包商致信五角大楼陈述目前的紧急状况,迄今依然没有得到答复。

At the same time, the 18,000 American contractors in Afghanistan didn’t know what to do after the order was given to speed up the withdrawal. Nobody told them whether they should stay to help Afghani government forces or leave the country along with American troops, and their letter to the Pentagon explaining the current emergency state has received no reply yet.

此外,在美国驻军阿富汗期间,大约有数千名阿富汗国籍的翻译为美军效力,这些人担心一旦塔利班卷土重来,他们一定会遭到塔利班的报复性屠杀。美国政府原本打算为这些人发放到美国的签证,确保他们与美军同时撤离阿富汗,然而撤军的截止日期快要到了,白宫、国务院并无撤离这些阿富汗雇员的具体计划,美国使馆也以新冠病毒传染为由,暂停实地办公,改为网上办公。

Moreover, when American troops were stationed in Afghanistan, thousands of Afghan interpreters worked for them, and they are worried about being revenged by the Taliban once it comes back. The White House planned to grant them a US visa and make sure they leave with American troops, but now that the deadline is drawing near, the White House and Department of State still have no plan to bring those Afghani employees to the US. The US embassy in Afghanistan has also closed its offices and shifted to online work on the excuse of COVID-19.

如今外界最关心的莫过于在美国撤军后,阿富汗是否能实现全国停火。去年2月29日,美国与阿富汗塔利班达成分阶段撤军协议和减少暴力协定。而美国目前只关心美军能够体面撤离阿富汗,对阿富汗塔利班是否减少暴力已经不再关心 ,甚至表现出一种心态,只要美国军队在撤离过程中未遭袭击就够了。

What the world is most concerned about is whether there will be a national ceasefire after the US pulls out all its troops. On February 29 last year, the US and the Taliban reached a phased withdrawal agreement and the Reduction in Violence, but now Washington is so occupied with getting its troops out of Afghanistan decently that it doesn’t care anymore whether the Taliban has indeed reduced violence. It would even be satisfied as long as the troops don’t get attacked during the withdrawal.

美国阿富汗问题特使哈利勒扎德为了敷衍阿富汗政府和塔利班,在4月下旬分别向阿塔和阿政府提出美国版的和平方案。但这个和平方案根本不可行,也不切合实际,同时遭到阿塔和阿政府的反对。对于这种拒绝,美方也不在意。对美军撤离可能造成阿富汗政府和塔利班谈判的不利影响,华盛顿视而不见,只是认为,和平方案我提了,是否可行并不重要,是否被接受也不重要。只要美军全部零伤亡撤离,就万事大吉。

To placate the Afghani government and the Taliban, US Special Representative for Afghanistan Reconciliation Zalmay Khalilzad provided an American version of the peace plan to each of them in late April, which, however, was rejected by both because it was neither feasible nor realistic. And America didn’t care about their rejection. It turned a blind eye to the adverse effects imposed by its pull-out on the negotiations between Kabul and the Taliban, and contented itself with the act of offering a peace plan, not caring whether the plan was feasible or accepted. It will consider itself winning as long as all American troops are pulled out safe and sound.

(作者是中国人民大学重阳金融研究院高级研究员)

(The author is a senior researcher at the Chongyang Institute for Financial Studies at Renmin University of China.)

Editor's note: This article is originally published on huanqiu.com.cn, and is translated from Chinese into English and edited by the China Military Online. The information, ideas or opinions appearing in this article do not necessarily reflect the views of eng.chinamil.com.cn. 

 

 

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