赵国军
By Zhao Guojun
6月13日，为期3天的七国集团峰会在英国西南部康沃尔郡闭幕。国际社会原本期待七国集团能在应对新冠肺炎疫情、气候变化、经济复苏等议题上承担起应有的责任，但会后发表的峰会公报却显示，峰会的议题已严重跑偏。
On June 13, the three-day G7 summit concluded in Cornwall, southwest Britain. The international community expected the G7 to undertake their due responsibilities for fighting against the COVID-19 pandemic, coping with climate change, and boosting economic recovery. However, the communique released after the summit showed that the summit had seriously misplaced its focus elsewhere.
大批民众在会场外抗议七国集团在疫苗分配、应对气候变化等方面做出了“空洞的承诺”。众多国际媒体认为它在应对这些全球紧急的议题上“不达标”。
Large crowds gathered outside the summit venue and protested against G7’s empty promises on vaccine distribution, climate change and other topics. Many international media held it as “falling short of the mark” in handling global emergencies.
七国集团在公报中承诺，将在明年年底前为全球提供10亿剂新冠疫苗，但相对于目前全球范围内巨大的疫苗缺口而言，这只是杯水车薪。世界卫生组织总干事谭德塞表示，目前新冠病毒的传播速度比全球疫苗分配的速度更快，“人们现在就需要疫苗，而不是明年”。
The G7 promised in the communique to provide one billion doses of COVID-19 vaccines for the world by the end of next year, which, however, is a drop in the bucket given the huge current shortfall of vaccines around the globe. Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General of the WHO, said the coronavirus is spreading faster than the distribution of vaccines. "These communities need vaccines, and they need them now, not next year."
在应对气候变化问题上的承诺也是同样的状况。本次峰会，七国集团承诺到2050年前实现温室气体“净零排放”。但是，发达国家在气候问题上的上一次承诺至今都还没完全兑现：2009年哥本哈根气候大会，发达国家承诺在2020年之前，每年向发展中国家提供至少1000亿美元资金，帮助其应对气候变化挑战。如今，10多年过去了，真正向发展中国家提供的实际到位资金与1000亿美元相去甚远。6月13日，联合国秘书长古特雷斯再次敦促发达国家特别是七国集团成员国履行这项承诺，强调该承诺对建立各方互信、实现《巴黎协定》设定的气候行动目标至关重要。
G7’s statement about climate change is just as empty. During the summit, it committed to “net-zero emissions” of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) by 2050. Yet, developed countries still haven’t honored their commitment made at the Copenhagen climate conference in 2009 to providing at least USD 100 billion to developing countries every year through 2020 to help them cope with the challenges of climate change. More than ten years have passed, and the actual fund they have provided is much less than what they pledged. On June 13, the UN Secretary-General Guterres once again urged developed countries, especially G7 members, to honor their commitment and emphasized how vital it was for building mutual trust among the parties and realizing the climate action goals set in the Paris Agreement.
这些情况表明，七国集团峰会已沦为过时“政治秀”，发达国家在这里开出了太多的“空头支票”。峰会沦为“政治秀”，是有些国家将地缘政治议题放在了更为优先的位置，使得疫苗分配、应对气候变化等真正需要关注的问题乏人问津。
All these show that the G7 Summit has become an antiquated “political show” where developed countries make many “blank checks” that they feel no obligation to honor. At the show, some countries placed so much emphasis on geopolitical topics that truly urgent issues like the distribution of vaccines and response to climate change were barely paid any attention.
峰会沦为“政治秀”，还暴露出与会国各有小算盘，一些内部分歧难以弥合。虽然美国政府一再强调，西方发达国家之间应在“民主价值观”的基础上再次“团结”，但从峰会的情况来看，美国想要完全恢复在特朗普时期严重分裂的跨大西洋关系，多少有些一厢情愿。
Such a “political show” also reveals the internal, unbridgeable divergences among the participants, in which all have their calculations. Despite Washington’s repeated call for developed western countries to reunite based on their “democratic values”, to fully recover the transatlantic relationship that took a severe hit in the Trump period seems just its wishful thinking judging from how the recent summit went.
对英国而言，其试图在“脱欧”之后，借此次峰会之机展现其“全球化英国”的构想。但在苏格兰问题、北爱尔兰问题等内部麻烦不断的情况下，谈论“全球化英国”的“影响力”，近乎于空谈。
Britain took the summit as an opportunity to flesh out its idea of “Global Britain” after Brexit, but talking about the “influence” of a Global Britain was like building a castle in the air given its constant domestic problems on Scotland and Northern Ireland.
参会的欧盟国家也不愿意被牵着鼻子走。德国政府在会前发表声明指出，应对新冠疫情并且为未来的疫病全球大流行做准备，应是本届七国峰会的一大重点议题。法国总统马克龙在峰会后表示，七国集团不是与中国敌对的“俱乐部”，西方国家在全球性问题上应与中国合作。
Participants from the EU didn’t want to be led around by the nose either. The German government released a statement before the summit, announcing that fighting COVID-19 and getting ready for future global pandemic should be a key topic of the G7 summit. French President Macron said after the summit that G7 isn’t an anti-China club and western countries should work with China on global issues.
有媒体指出，七国集团是一个“奇怪、过时的机构”，它代表的是一个不再存在的“大西洋主义”世界。七国集团口口声声说要在价值观上团结自身和引领世界，但它们不知道的是，正是它们自己处理国际关系的价值观出现了严重的问题。面对新冠疫情大流行，国际社会亟需团结应对，而七国集团峰会却仍然顽固坚持分裂世界的价值观。而这种散发着陈腐味道的价值观，必然被时代所抛弃。
Some media described the G7 as a bizarre, outdated institution representing an Atlanticist world that no longer exists. G7 is so eloquent about uniting themselves and leading the world based on common values that they are blind to the fact that it is their values on international relations that go wrong. When it is imperative for the international community to bring the rampaging pandemic under control jointly, the G7 is stubbornly clinging to its own interests. Their values are so banal and rancid that they will eventually end up in the dustbin of history.
（作者单位：上海社会科学院国际问题研究所）
(The author is from the Institute of International Relations of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences.)
